Changing Global Order: Rise of Techno-Nationalism and Pakistan

Abstract

The global order is undergoing a significant transformation, with technological advancements playing a critical role in reshaping international dynamics. This paper does not delve into the established role of technology in driving global change; rather, it examines how states are leveraging technology within the evolving global order to advance their national interests and strategic objectives. It argues that techno-nationalism (the strategic pursuit of technological supremacy for national sovereignty, security, and economic growth) has become a primary tool employed by major powers amidst intensifying geopolitical competition. Due to techno-nationalism rapid technological innovation, coupled with the resurgence of great power rivalry, is transitioning the world toward a new ‘zero-sum’ order, where competitive rather than cooperative dynamics dominate. Understanding the interplay between evolving economic and technological dynamics is, therefore, crucial. Thus, at the heart of this global shift lies techno-nationalism, which marks a defining transformation of this century by disrupting global supply chains and intensifying strategic rivalries. Through case studies such as the ‘Chip War’ between the U.S. and China, this paper explores the multifaceted impacts of techno-nationalism on the changing global order and examines its implications for developing countries.